The material liquid to be concentrated is pumped into the top of the heating tubes and flows downward along their walls as liquid film. In this process, the liquid film inside the tubes begins to boil and partially evaporate being heated from outside the tubes. The remaining liquid and vapor are further removed in subsequent separating machines. Reasonably determined material liquid flow prevents bottom section of tubes from getting excessively dry while ensuring optimal thickness of liquid film so that best heat exchange effect and minimum power consumption is achieved. Falling film evaporator is applicable to both cyclic evaporation and one-way evaporation processes.